Method of carding textile fibers and apparatus therefor



Dec. 3,1 25. 5 1,564,600

H. .MAbY

METHOD OF CARDING TEXTILE FIBERS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR Filed July 1'7,1923 2 Sheets-Sheet l Dem ,1925- 1.564.600

H. MALY METHOD OF CARDING TEXTILE FIBERS AND APPARATUS THEREFOR F ledJuly 1'7, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Dec. 8, 1925.

U N [TED "OFFICE.

HERMANN IVIALY, OF GUBEN, GERMANY.

meson cremains marries erases-ans ri'rreaa rns THEREFOR.

Application filed July 1731922. "Serial no. 652,134.

ments in Methods of Carding Textile Fibers and Apparatus Therefor, ofwhich the following is a specification.

A common defect of the carding machines (commonly called cardingengines) hitherto used, arises from the fact that the worker rollersoperating in conjunction with the ll'lttlll cylinder do not receive thefibers in a smooth, more or less uniformly directed state, but in arough, tangled condition, many of the fibers being bent backwards, andthe rollers deliver the fiber in this state. This circumstance, whichhas generally been regarded as inevitable, arises from the fact that theco-acting cards both tend to retain the fibers, in view of the directionof their rotation and teeth, whereas for smoothing out the fieece orslivers, the cards must move in the same direction, though at differentspeeds. The rough fibers are returned to the cylinder by the strippersor clearers in a condition which may be said to be just the opposite ofthat which is desirable from the point of view of obtaining a smoothfleece or sliver. The very short working period, usually 1/900 to 1/600second per centimeter of fiber, available for coaction of the workerswith the cylinder is insufficient for adequately smoothing out thefibers and laying them parallel. In fact there occurs a compression andtangling of the fibers which produces a bunch from which the fibers mustbe forcibly drawn as the cards move apart, and the fibers are thus aptto be broken. In fact a certain roughness and prevalence of minute knotswhich were not originally present can frequently be observed in thematerial after it has passed through the carding machine.

The defect referred to is less marked where fiats are used in place ofband or fillet cards, in proportion as intervals occur between thefiats, where the injurious action does not occur.

The object of my invention is to remove the defect described.

To this end I arange that the tangled roughened and partly reversedfibers issuing from the Zone between the cylinder and worker aresmoothed out and laid parallel, and pressed against the teeth of theworker,

by a condensing roller or rollers" whose surface velocity is greater'than that of the worker. The smooth, condensed layer of fiber isreturned to the cylinder in a much hetter condition for continuance ofthe cardng process, because the tangling and tearing action between theworker and main cylinder is avoided. The result is that the fiber isdelivered in a much better state to the last dolfer and comb, and asubstantial nnprovement in the quality of the textile product isobtained. In the drawings:

Figs. 1 and 2 are detail views, each showing a portion of a maincylinder with a worker and condensing roller according to my invention.

Figs. 3 and 4 are detail views, each showing a portion of a. main,cylinder with a worker, stripper and condensing roller, while Fig. 5shows a complete series of carding elements.

Referring to Fig. 3 and Figs. 4 and 5, c is the licker-in and f theswift or breakercard; g, 9 are the main cylinders, h a dolfer, 2'. theworkers, the strippers or clearers, 70 the angle strippers, b or b thecondensing rollers, and m the fancies.

As shown in Figs. 1, 4 and 5 the condensing rollers b may be smooth, butas shown in Figs. 2 and 3, and also at the right of Fig. 5, they mayhave teeth. In the latter case the teeth must point in the oppositedirection to those of the workers.

There may be more than one condensing roller associated with one worker.

The following surface velocities have been found to give good results:

M. per min. Main cylinder 330 WVorker 1O Stripper 100 Doff er 1?. Anglestrippers 2O Condensing rollers 20 However the velocities used must, ofcourse, depend largely on the nature of the work and other conditions,and the above values are given only as a typical example.

What I claim is:

1. Method of improving the product of carding engines consisting insmoothing and condensing the fibers adhering to a working roller priorto the removal of the fibers from. said roller.

2. Method of improving the product of carding engines consisting insmoothing and condensing the fibers adhering to a Working roller Withoutinterrupting the course of the fibers thereon.

3. In a carding engine, a condensing roller cooperating with a Workingroller for smoothing and condensing the fibers on the working rollerWithout interrupting their course thereon.

4%. In a carding engine, a condensing roller cooperating with a workingroller for smoothing and condensing the fibers 0n the Wornng rollerWithout interrupting their course thereon, said condensing rollerrotating in an opposite direction to and having a greater peripheralspeed than said Working roller.

The foregoing specification signed at Berlin, Germany, this 18th day ofJune, 20

HERMANN MALY.

